History of ACT public education

Creation of the ACT Schools Authority

On 11 September 1973, then Prime Minister Gough Whitlam announced a statutory body would be appointed to administer ACT schools from the beginning of 1974.

The announcement followed seven years of determined advocacy by ACT parents, teachers and educators and four significant reports by eminent working parties and eminent academics.

The appointment of the ACT Schools Authority Council members on 8 October 1973 led to the creation of a new school system in the ACT, independent of the NSW Education Department, and radically different in structure, governance, and curriculum to any other school system in Australia.

Key timeline to 1973

  • Timeline item 1 - complete

    1966

    Parents from the Campbell Primary School Parents and Citizens Association mobilise support from P&Cs across Canberra to improve education and the administration of schools in the ACT.

  • Timeline item 2 - complete

    November 1966

    The Campbell P&C advocacy leads to the setting up of a high-powered Working Party chaired by Sir George Currie and including academics, principals, teachers to detail an alternative approach to providing public education in the ACT.

  • Timeline item 3 - complete

    December 1967

    The ‘Currie Report’ - An Independent Education Authority for the Australian Capital Territory argues for an independent authority to run ACT public schools and provided a blueprint for an education authority independent from NSW, a participatory administration, decentralised school system, and a school curriculum more appropriate to the unique needs of Canberra.

  • Timeline item 4 - complete

    1968-1972

    The Currie Report is used as a platform for this group and other interested parties to lobby federal ministers, and departments to establish a new public schooling system for the ACT.

  • Timeline item 5 - complete

    1971

    The federal Department of Education and Science forms a working party headed by ANU Professor Richard Campbell to examine the Department's proposals for colleges for senior secondary students.

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    April 1972

    The Commonwealth Teaching Service is set up as a career structure for teachers in Commonwealth schools.

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    18 July 1972

    Malcolm Fraser as Minister for Education and Science announces the Commonwealth will staff ACT schools and move towards a separate education authority.

  • Timeline item 8 - incomplete

    August 1972

    The Commonwealth Teachers’ Federation is conceived which will go on to provide ACT teachers with their own union separate from the NSW Teachers’ Federation.

Key dates in 1973

  • Timeline item 1 - complete

    March

    New Commonwealth Minister for Education Kim Beazley appoints an expert inquiry under chair Phillip Hughes into an education authority for the ACT.

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    May

    Three significant reports that will shape the future of education in the ACT are handed to the federal government:

    • The ‘Campbell Report’ - Secondary Education for Canberra recommends high schools for Years 7-10 and the establishment of secondary colleges for Years 11-12 and proposed greater participation of teachers and parents in school policymaking.
    • The Hughes Report’ - A Design for the Governance and Organisation of Education in the Australian Capital Territory recommends a decentralised school system with powers devolved to school councils and parents and teachers involved in decision making processes at school and system level. It also proposes a Council be appointed to sit over a new Schools Authority that will develop policy and assume total responsibility for the ACT public school system from the start of 1974.
    • The ‘Karmel Report’ - Schools in Australia recommends the devolution of responsibility from administrations to schools and supported equality, diversity and community involvement.
  • Timeline item 3 - complete

    11 September

    Prime Minister Gough Whitlam announces Federal Cabinet has decided on the form and operations of a statutory body to administer ACT government schools from the beginning of 1974 to be known as the ACT Schools Authority.

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    8 October

    Members of the Council of the Interim Schools Authority are named: Chair – Professor Phillip Hughes; Catherine Blakers; P&C reps Dr Alan Barnard and Kath Abbott; Teachers Federation res were Max Badham, Mick March and Margaret Dempster; Ken Fry from the ACT Advisory Council; and Ailsa Curtis from the Pre-School Association.

    The appointment of the Interim ACT Schools Authority Council members on 8 October 1973 led to the creation of a new public school system in the ACT, independent of the NSW Education Department, and radically different in structure, governance, and curriculum to any other school system in Australia.

  • Timeline item 5 - complete

    10 October

    The Council of the Interim School’s Authority holds its first meeting. A small eight-person unit takes control of the running of the ACT schools.

  • Timeline item 6 - complete

    December

    The permanent Commonwealth Schools Commission is established to distribute Commonwealth funds to schools, including the Innovations Program which dispensed funds directly to ACT schools.

  • Timeline item 7 - complete

    January 1974

    ACT public school system officially separates from NSW.